Hypercalcemic crisis caused by a parathyroid adenoma with hemorrhage and cystic degeneration: A case report / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

This paper reported a rare case of hypercalcemic crisis caused by a parathyroid adenoma with hemorrhage and cystic degeneration. Preoperative imaging examination of the patient was unable to determine the histological origin of the cervical cystic lesion. Despite aggressive medical treatment and hemodialysis, hypercalcemic crisis could not be relieved. Therefore, surgical exploration and excision of the cervical lesion were performed, and final diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma with hemorrhage and cystic degeneration was confirmed by pathology. Blood calcium level and renal function returned to normal after the surgery.

Developmental Hypothyroidism Influences the Development of the Entorhinal-Dentate Gyrus Pathway of Rat Offspring

Background@#Developmental hypothyroidism impairs learning and memory in offspring, which depend on extensive neuronal circuits in the entorhinal cortex, together with the hippocampus and neocortex. The entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway is the main entrance of memory circuits. We investigated whether developmental hypothyroidism impaired the morphological development of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway. @*Methods@#We examined the structure and function of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway in response to developmental hypothyroidism induced using 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole. @*Results@#1,1´-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3´,3´-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate tract tracing indicated that entorhinal axons showed delayed growth in reaching the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus at postnatal days 2 and 4 in hypothyroid conditions. The proportion of fibers in the outer molecular layer was significantly smaller in the hypothyroid group than in the euthyroid group at postnatal day 4. At postnatal day 10, the pathway showed a layer-specific distribution in the outer molecular layer, similar to the euthyroid group. However, the projected area of entorhinal axons was smaller in the hypothyroid group than in the euthyroid group. An electrophysiological examination showed that hypothyroidism impaired the long-term potentiation of the perforant and the cornu ammonis 3–cornu ammonis 1 pathways. Many repulsive axon guidance molecules were involved in the formation of the entorhinaldentate gyrus pathway. The hypothyroid group had higher levels of erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte ligand A3 and semaphorin 3A than the euthyroid group. @*Conclusion@#We demonstrated that developmental hypothyroidism might influence the development of the entorhinal-dentate gyrus pathway, contributing to impaired long-term potentiation. These findings improve our understanding of neural mechanisms for memory function.

Role of ATP6V1H gene in bone metabolism / 中国骨伤

Osteoporosis is one of the common clinical orthopedic diseases, which can lead to a variety of complications. There are many pathogenic factors in this disease. The latest research found that ATP6V1H is a new gene leading to the occurrence of osteoporosis, and it is likely to become a new target for the future drug treatment of osteoporosis.This paper introduces the biological structure and characteristics of H subunit, summed up the human body caused by loss of ATP6V1H and animal models such as zebrafish, mice bone loss and osteoporosis symptom such as related research reports of the loss, from osteoclast, osteoblast and marrow stromal cell level and the connection between the various subunits further expounds the H subunit regulate bone dynamic balance of mechanism, to explore ATP6V1H in bone developmentand bone related diseases has laid a solid foundation, also provide new ideas for clinical treatment of osteoporosis.

Effects of adolescent peer education psychological resilience of adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To verify the effectiveness of adolescent peer education on psychological resilience of adolescents, so as to provide a scientific reference for preventing adolescents physical and mental health problems.@*Methods@#The non equivalent comparison group design method was conducted involving 2 towns which were divided into an intervention group(n=732) and a control group(n=881). The intervention group received 1 year peer education. Their resilience and basic information was assessed by using a adolescent psychological resilience scale and a self-designed basic situation questionnaire.@*Results@#After the intervention, in the control group, target concentration, emotional control, family support, interpersonal assistance, and total psychological resilience were reduced by 0.96, 0.72, 0.63, 1.16 and 3.31, respectively(t=5.75, 3.91, 3.52, 5.86, 6.29, P<0.05); in the intervention group, emotional control, interpersonal assistance, and total psychological resilience were increased by 1.05, 0.54 and 1.72, respectively(t=-4.89, -2.46, -2.76, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that the intervention group s target concentration(B=0.38), emotional control (B=0.85), family support(B=0.29), interpersonal assistance(B=0.83), and total psychological resilience(B=2.40) increased higher than the control group(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescent peer education is effective in improving the target concentration, emotional control, family support, interpersonal assistance, and total psychological resilience.

Role of intensity-modulated radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with stage T 1-2N 1M 0 nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with chemotherapy for treating patients with T 1-2N 1M 0 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods:343 patients diagnosed with T 1-2N 1M 0 NPC in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2008 to December 2016 were recruited in this study. All patients received IMRT and divided into the radiotherapy (RT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) groups. Patients in the CRT group were further assigned into the concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), induction chemotherapy+ CCRT (IC+ CCRT) and CCRT+ adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) groups. Locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan- Meier method. Multivariate prognostic analysis was performed by Cox models. Results:The median follow-up time for surviving patients (303/343) was 91(range: 49-138) months. The 5-year OS, CSS, PFS, LRFFS, and DMFS rates in the CRT group were not superior to those of the RT group (93.7%: 93.9%, 93.7%: 93.9%, 89.0%: 87.7%, 93.8%: 92.8%, 93.8%: 91.2%, all P>0.05). No significant difference was found in treatment outcomes of patients with T 1N 1 or T 2N 1 NPC between two groups (all P>0.05). In multivariable analyses, only age was an independent prognostic factor for OS, PFS, CSS and DMFS, and negative correlation was found between them. No survival benefits were achieved in the CCRT, IC+ CCRT, CCRT+ AC and RT groups, and no significant differences were found in clinical efficacy among the three combined (all P>0.05). Conclusions:IMRT alone yields comparable clinical efficacy to CRT in treating patients with T 1-2N 1M 0 NPC. However, whether CT can be eliminated in the T 1-2N 1M 0 population still needs further confirmation by prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trials.

Advance in Researches of Low Back Pain: A Bibliometrics and Visualization Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the research focus, frontier and trend of global reseaches about low back pain using bibliometrics and visualization technology. Methods:The researchs in the Web of Science core database from 2016 to 2020 were retrieved with the subject terms of "low back pain" and categories of rehabilitation, and analyzed with Creating Citation Reports and Analyzing Retrieval Results of Web of Science, as well as the CiteSpace. Results:A total of 2026 papers were retrieved. The total frequency of citations in the last five years was 6793. The number of papers and citations increased year by year. Most of the papers came from the countries of America, Europe and Australia; the top five university institutions also with high centrality; and funded by US National Research Fund mostly. The top ten journals for number of papers and cited frequency were mainly rehabilitation journals, and the researches mainly focused on orthopedics, sports medicine and healthcare medicine. A total of 468 key words were obtained, including 33 key words with high centrality and 29 key words with Strongest Citation Bursts. Nine papers of highly cited were suggested by Web of Science. A total of 466 references were obtained through CiteSpace, including 35 references with high centrality and 53 references with Strongest Citation Bursts. The researches of key node literature were mainly randomized controlled trails and systematic review. Conclusion:The researches of low back pain mainly focus on the mechanism and management of pain, such as central sensitization, pressure pain threshold, pain pattern classification, pain directional preference and centralization, pain physiology/neuroscience education, and nonpharmacologic strategies for comprehensive pain care; as well as the psychological and social factors, such as behavioral cognitive therapy/psychologically informed physical therapy, self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, fear avoidance, and variables and interventions related to return-to-work. The trial studies of STarT Back tool, core instruments and standardization of core outcome reporting in clinical trials, and individualized and targeted treatment, would be the global trends in the research of low back pain.

Baicalin induces ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells by downregulating FTH1

Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic regulated cell death caused by iron accumulation and subsequent lipid peroxidation. Currently, the therapeutic role of ferroptosis on cancer is gaining increasing interest. Baicalin an active component in

Moderating effect of pubertal knowledge-attitude-practice in relationship between pubertal status and quality of life: a cross-sectional study / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between pubertal status, pubertal KAP and adolescents quality of life and the moderating effect of pubertal KAP between pubertal status and quality of life, and to provide a reference for making measures to improve adolescents quality of life.@*Methods@#A descriptive cross-sectional study design which recruited 6 746 adolescents in two districts of Chongqing with cluster sampling was applied. Data was collected by Adolescent Quality of Life Scale developed by our team, Pubertal Development Scale(PDS) from Petersen and Crockett, self-designed KAP questionnaire and basic situation questionnaire.@*Results@#The early puberty, mid-puberty and late puberty suffered lower physical, psychological and total quality of life than the pre-pubertal(P<0.05). The mid-puberty (B=-1.10, P<0.01) and late puberty (B=-2.88, P<0.01) had lower social quality of life than the pre-pubertal Significant difference was not found between pubertal dimension and pubertal status(P>0.05). Pubertal KAP impacted on psychological(B=0.02), social(B=0.04), pubertal(B=0.04) dimensions and total quality of life(B=0.09) positively(P<0.01), but no physical dimension(P=0.06). Moderating effect results revealed that pubertal KAP moderated the negative impact of pubertal status on social dimension (B=0.03, P=0.02) and total quality of life(B=0.06, P=0.01), but no psychological dimension(P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Promoting puberty health education of adolescents was the key to improving their quality of life.

Concentrations of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Maternal Blood, Placental Size, and Risk for Fetal Growth Restriction: A Nested Case-control Study / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#To explore the effects of prenatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on placental size and birth outcomes.@*Methods@#Based on the perspective Wenzhou Birth Cohort, this nested case-control study included 101 fetal growth restriction (FGR) and 101 healthy newborns. Maternal serum samples were collected during the third trimester and measured for PBDEs by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The basic information of mother-newborn pairs was collected from questionnaires, whereas the placental size and birth outcomes of newborns were obtained from hospital records.@*Results@#A total of 19 brominated diphenyle ether (BDE) congeners were detected in maternal serum samples. Higher concentrations of BDE-207, -208, -209, and ∑ @*Conclusion@#A negative association was found between PBDE levels in maternal serum and placental size and birth outcomes. Prenatal PBDE exposure may be associated with elevated risk of the incidence of FGR birth.

Relationship between adolescent knowledge-attitude-practice and resilience in left-behind children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between adolescent knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP) and resilience in Chinese left-behind children, and provide the basis to develop the adolescent health education.@*Methods@#A total of 1 244 left-behind children from grade 4-9 was investigated through the self-designed Adolescent KAP Questionnaire and Adolescent Resilience Scale.@*Results@#Male and middle school students had better resilence than female and primary school students in left-behind children(t=4.70，4.27，P<0.01); the left-behind children with harmonious relationship between parents, richer family economic status and democratic parenting style obtained greater resilence(F=35.86，31.66，3.25，57.23，P<0.05), and adolescent KAP had positive prediction on target concentration(B=0.11), emotional control(B=0.07), positive cognition(B=0.09), family support(B=0.05), interpersonal assistance(B=0.09) and total resilience(B=0.41) of left-behind children(P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#For left-behind children, adolescent KAP may be have a positive association with resilence and more attention should be paid on adolescent health education.

Effects of Electroacupuncture on Brain Function of APP/PS1 Mice: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) on brain function of APP/PS1 mice. Methods:Sixteen 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice in the same litter were randomly divided into model group (n = 8) and electroacupuncture group (n = 8). Eight transgenic negative mice in the same litter were as control group. The electroacupuncture group accepted electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting for 16 weeks. They were assessed with Object Recognition Test before and after intervention, and observed under small animal functional magnetic resonance imaging with regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the discrimination ratio decreased in the model group after intervention (P < 0.05), while it increased in the electroacupuncture group compared with that in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, ReHo of right basal forebrain and left hippocampus decreased in the model group before intervention. Compared with the control group, ReHo decreased in bilateral hippocampus group and increased in retrosplenial cortex in the model group after intervention; while it increased in bilateral hippocampus and motor cortex and decreased in anterior cingulate gyrus in the electroacupuncture group compared with that in the model group. Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting may delay the decline of learning and memory ability in Alzheimer's disease model mice, which may relate to the regulation of functional activities in hippocampus.

Paranasal Sinus Invasion in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma after Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of paranasal sinus invasion for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its suitable position in the T classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 695 patients with previously untreated, biopsy-proven, non-metastatic NPC that was treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The incidence of paranasal sinus invasion was 39.4% (274 of 695 patients). Multivariate analysis showed that paranasal sinus invasion was an independent negative prognostic factor for local failure-free survival (LFFS) (p < 0.05). According to the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, 275 patients were classified as T3 classification. Of these, 78 patients (28.4%) developed paranasal sinus invasion (T3b) and 197 (71.6%) didn't (T3a). The estimated 5-year LFFS and overall survival (OS) rates for the patients with T3b and T3a classification were 88.6% versus 95.0% (p=0.047), and 84.5% versus 93.3% (p=0.183), respectively. The estimated 5-year LFFS and OS rates for the patientswith T4 classificationwere 89.5% and 83.2%,whichwere similarwith the outcomes of patients with T3b classification. CONCLUSION: MRI-determined paranasal sinus invasion is an independent prognostic factor of NPC treated by IMRT. Paranasal sinus invasion is recommended to classify as T4 classification in the 8th AJCC staging system for NPC.

Clinical results of autologous reconstruction with DIEP flap following nipple-sparing mastectomy / 中国实用外科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical results of autologous reconstruction with DIEP flap following nipplesparing mastectomy and summarize experience.METHODS: From January 2016 to October 2018,DIEP flaps were utilized in 81 surgical cases of immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy in Huashan Hospital of Fudan University.Success rate,safety,complications and patient satisfaction of nipple-sparing mastectomy(NSM) group(38 cases) and non-NSM(NNSM) group(43 cases) were compared.RESULTS: All DIEP flaps in 81 cases were successful with a flap survival rate of 100%.No skin necrosis,infection,or seroma occurred.There were 1 case(2.6%) of vascular complication and 2 cases(5.3%)of partial fat necrosis in NSM group,and 2 cases(4.7%) of vascular complication and 2 cases(4.7%) of partial fat necrosis in non-NSM group.No statistically significant difference was found between groups.Three cases of partial NAC ischemia(7.9%) happened in NSM group with no complete necrosis.There was a greater satisfaction in NSM group(81.6%) than non-NSM group(72.1%) on the overall impression of breast reconstruction in 6 months after surgeries,but the difference was not significant(P=0.315).Over a median follow-up period of 22 months,no local recurrence or distant metastasis were observed.CONCLUSION: Autologous reconstruction with DIEP flap following nipple-sparing mastectomy is safe and reliable for carefully selected patients when operations are executed with proficient operative skills.Complications are similar in the approach compared with DIEP flap immediate breast reconstruction following non-NSM.The technique has a controllable rate of NAC necrosis and offers the advantage of cosmetic effect.

Responsibility and status of breast surgeons in breast reconstruction / 中国实用外科杂志

Mastectomy is still the main surgery method to treat breast cancer in China.Breast surgeons should be more devoted to breast reconstruction.Although different reconstruction methods should comprehensively consider the patient's wishes and the doctor's technical ability and other factors,it is necessary for breast surgeons to adhere to the principle of tumor safety,reasonably design the incision of breast surgery,master the technology of preserving the nipple areola complex,and separate the thickness and scope of the flap.Under the mode of multidisciplinary cooperation,breast surgeons should actively participate in the training,keep learning and practicing,make effort to improve the overall treatment level of breast cancer patients and promote the standardized process of breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery in China.

Research status of correlation between type IX collagen gene and musculoskeletal diseases / 中国骨伤

As an important component of articular cartilage, type IX collagen plays an important role in regulating homeostasis of bone and cartilage. The mutation or deletion of gene could disequilibrate homeostasis leads to deformity of corresponding bone and joint, and finally causes multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Moreover, anatomic variation also leads to biomechanics change of corresponding functional unit, combine with micro-environment change caused by change of genes, osteoarthritis and disc degeneration were occurred under the function of stress over and over again. In addition, lack of type IX collagen could effect repair of articular cartilage, intervertebral disc tissue injury. However, musculoskeletal diseases related with type IX collagen has so much not limited this, the reports about it is less for lack of evidence, and need further work to study. Clear relationship of type IX collagen and its disease could provide an effective diagnostic method, and develop a new pathway for follow-up treatment.

Effect of Electroacupuncture on Neural Stem Cell Differentiation via Regulating MicroRNA-34a in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate whether electroacupuncture (EA) at Quchi (LI11) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints may regulate microRNA-34a (miR-34a) to promote neural stem cells differentiation in ischemic peripheral areas in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury or not. Methods:A total of 108 rats were randomly assigned into sham group, model group and EA group, and each group was divided into three subgroups (three days, seven days and 14 days), with twelve rats in each subgroup. Besides, 16 rats were randomly divided into EA+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and EA+miR-34a inhibitor group, with eight rats in each group. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was induced for focal cerebral ischemia in rats. EA group was electroacupunctured at the ipsilateral Quchi and Zusanli acupoints on the second day. The dilatational wave was 1/20 Hz, 30 minutes every time, once a day for seven days, totally. At the same time, 5-Bromo-2′-Deoxyuridine (BrdU) was intraperitoneally injected twice a day, with an 8-hours interval. The DMSO and miR-34a inhibitor were injected into the lateral ventricle before modeling. The co-location condition was evaluated by immunofluorescence. The expression of miR-34a in ischemic peripheral areas was detected by reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:The Longa's score was lower in EA group than in the model group (t > 2.084, P < 0.05). At the same time points, the paw print areas (right forepaw, right hind paw) and maximum pressures (right forepaw, right hind paw) of the affected limbs decreased in the model group than in the sham group (P < 0.05), and the paw print area of right hind paw gradually increased in the model group (P < 0.05); the paw print areas (right forepaw and right hind paw) of the affected limbs improved in EA group, compared with the model group (P < 0.05); and there was no significant difference in the maximum pressure of the affected limbs three days and seven days after electroacupuncture (P > 0.05); however, it was higher in EA group than in the model group 14 days after electroacupuncture (P < 0.05). And the paw print area of the right hind paw and the maximum pressure of the right forepaw gradually increased in EA group three days and seven days after electroacupuncture, which was in time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The Nestin+/GFAP+ and BrdU+/GFAP+ cells expressed in ischemic peripheral areas both in the model group and EA group. And the Nestin+/GFAP+ and BrdU+/GFAP+ double positive cells increased in EA group compared to the model group three days, seven days and 14 days after electroacupuncture (t > 3.292, P < 0.05), and they reached peak seven days after electroacupuncture. The expression of miR-34a in ischemic peripheral areas was higher in the model group than in the sham group seven days after modeling (P < 0.01), however, the expression of miR-34a further increased in EA+DMSO group after electroacupuncture (P < 0.05). After injection of miR-34a inhibitor, the expression of miR-34a and BrdU+/GFAP+ cells was lower in EA+miR-34a inhibitor group than in EA group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at Quchi and Zusanli acupoints could promote the neural stem cells differentiation in ischemic peripheral areas by regulation of miR-34a expression.

Effect of Tai Chi on Cardiac and Static Pulmonary Function in Older Community-Dwelling Adults at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of tai chi exercise on cardiac and static lung function for older community-dwelling adults at risk of ischemic stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 170 older community-dwelling adults (aged 55-75 years old) at risk of ischemic stroke were allocated to either tai chi training group (85 cases, five 60-min sessions of tai chi training per week for 12 weeks) or control group (85 cases, usual pbysical activity for 12 weeks) using a computer-generated randomization. The echocardiographic parameters of cardiac structure, cardiac function and static lung function were measured at baseline, after 12 weeks of intervention and additional 12-week follow-up period by a blinded professional staffmember using a color Doppler ultrasound imaging device or a cardiopulmonary function instrument. The t test and linear mixed model based on the intentionto-treat analysis principle was used to calculate the effect. The adverse effect was observed.@*RESULTS@#Most of echocardiographic parameters on the cardiac structure, cardiac function and static lung function between the tai chi group and control group did not have a significant difference either post 12-week intervention or additional 12-week follow-up period. Only three parameters involving in right ventricular diameter (P=0.024), main pulmonary artery diameter (P=0.002) and vital capacity maximum (P=0.036) were beneficial to be improved in the tai chi group compared to the control group by the analysis of mixed linear model. No adverse effects were found during the intervention period.@*CONCLUSION@#The 12-week tai chi exercise did not have an obvious beneficial effect on cardiac structure, cardiac function and static lung function in older community-dwelling adults at risk of ischemic stroke. The study with a longer duration of intervention should be necessary. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-13003601).

Effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of vinpocetine in rats / 药学学报

Vinpocetine (VP) has been widely used to treat cerebrovascular disorders and nerve injury. Borneol (BN), as an important traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used to promote the absorption and distribution of central nervous system drugs. In this work, a LC-MS/MS method was developed to determine the level of VP in rat plasma and tissues, and to evaluate the effect of co-administration of BN with VP by oral gavage on the absorption and tissue distribution of VP in rats. Rats were divided into VP (10 mg·kg-1), VP (10 mg·kg-1) + BN (75 mg·kg-1) and VP (10 mg·kg-1) + BN (150 mg·kg-1) groups for pharmacokinetic study, and divided into VP (10 mg·kg-1) and VP (10 mg·kg-1) + BN (150 mg·kg-1) groups for tissue distribution study. The animal experiment was approved by Ethics Committee of Hubei University, and complied with the guideline for caring and using of laboratory animals. Compared to VP group, the AUC0-∞, MRT0-∞ and t1/2z of VP + BN (150 mg·kg-1) group increased significantly, by 1.98-, 1.22- and 1.42-fold respectively, and the exposure in plasma, liver, kidney and brain increased by 2-, 1.5-, 1.5- and 1.3-fold respectively. The pharmacokinetic results suggested that co-administration of BN with VP is beneficial for overcoming the undesirable pharmacokinetic characteristics of VP, such as short residence time, low oral bioavailability and brain exposure in clinical usage.

Application status of 3D printing patient-specific instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

Recently, the joint replacement has gradually become a common operation of orthopedics. It's also the hot spot in current investigations. The increasing number of reports about the 3D printing technology such as patient-specific instrumentation(PSI) is applied to hip and knee replacement. It plays an important role in supporting operation especially for complex cases. However, it is still at the primary stage. This article reviews the relevant literature, analyzes and collates the research status of the application of 3D printing PSI in total knee arthroplasty, and summarizes its effectiveness in the application of knee arthroplasty from the aspects of individual preoperative planning, intraoperative operation and postoperative functional recovery, especially complex knee surgery such as obesity and knee deformity. The necessity of clinical application is discussed, and the existing problems and controversies in the current clinical application are summarized in order to provide references for the future research direction and clinical application.

Effects of oral nutritional supplement on short-term nutritional status and treatment tolerance in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving chemoradiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To explore the impact of oral nutritional supplements in the local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving chemoradiotherapy. Methods From 2016 to 2018, we prospectively collected 114 patients into our study, including intervention group ( n=58) and control group ( n=56) . Patients in the intervention group were given oral nutritional supplements from the beginning of radiotherapy, while the control group patients were receiving usual diet care. We collected data of weight, hematological index and nutrition related information before, during and after treatments. Results All patients experienced weight loss during radiotherapy. The declining trend was more obvious in intervention group but with no statistical difference ( P>0.05) . Radiotherapy interruption was lower, completion rate of 2 cycles of concurrent chemotherapy was higher( 78% vs 64%, P=0.02) and level of total serum protein and albumin was more stable ( P=0.003, 0.001) in the intervention group. No difference was found in acute toxicities between the two groups ( P>0.05) . During the treatment period, the nutrition risk screening score declined, more patients with NRS 2002 ≥3 in the control group than the intervention group ( P<0.05) , while no statistically significant difference was found in PG-SGA between the two groups ( P>0.05 ) . Conclusions Oral nutritional supplements can improve treatment tolerance and keep the stability of serum protein level, nevertheless, it has no obvious advantage in maintenance of weight and short-term nutritional status